'What you doing down here, amigo?' he asked, gripping Bobby's shoulder with the tattooed hand. 'You got any money, t��o?' asked the third guy. 'He look like a pansy uptown boy to me,' said the one who had called Bobby cabr��n and putino. Inside the pawnshop an old man with a pair of glasses pushed up on his bald head looked around, annoyed, then back down at the newspaper he was reading. Make him pay his way across Diablo turf.'ĭee grabbed him and spun him against the door of a pawnshop so hard that for a moment Bobby thought he had decided to go along with his corner-boy friends after all. 'We just gonna shake this little guy out a little. 'Hey, Dee,' said the boy who had pulled Bobby's hair. 'I know Boris Karloff but I don't know no fuckin Ted,' Dee said. He was listening so hard that he walked into a guy without even seeing him. Bobby didn't think he was anywhere close yet, but he kept listening for him. Eventually he'd call another cab and come to collect his money. Maybe after the library closed he'd get a bite to eat, kill a little more time that way. If he had been Ted, he would have gone someplace like the Bridgeport Public Library where he could hang around without being noticed.
but he might not be lucky.Īs he went, he tried to tune his mind outward and pick up some sense of Ted, but there was nothing. He couldn't hear their mind-voices, but did he need to? They were probably going to beat him up and steal his money. Bobby could smell their spicy aftershaves, their hair tonics, his own fear. It was like being surrounded by Harry and his friends, only worse. The second guy grabbed him again, not so gently this time. This means that the “Goldilocks Zone” extends beyond the distance from a star where water can be liquid on a planet’s surface and into areas that are much colder.Bobby pulled free, but the fourth guy pushed him back at the second. Astrobiologists think that the oceans of Europa and Enceladus are the best places to look for life away from Earth. This is possible because as the moons move around their massive planets, their insides are heated, a phenomenon known as tidal heating. These two worlds may hold an ocean of water underneath a surface of ice. These include a moon of Saturn called Enceladus and a moon of Jupiter called Europa. Despite the prior belief that liquid water could only exist within the sun’s Goldilocks Zone, there is now evidence that celestial bodies outside of the Goldilocks Zone can have liquid water as well. Solar wind stripped away the ancient Mars atmosphere, leaving the air pressure too low for water to exist as a liquid for extended periods. Mars also went through changes long ago and lost liquid water from its surface. Additionally, Venus’s atmosphere is so thick that the air pressure on the surface of Venus is about 92 times the air pressure on the surface of Earth. Earth’s atmosphere also produces a greenhouse effect, which keeps the planet from getting too cold, but it is much weaker than Venus’s, so water is able to exist in all three states. The hot temperature on Venus means that if water were to exist on its surface, it would exist only as a gas (water vapor or steam). The stronger the greenhouse effect has in an atmosphere, the more the planet is heated. However, at some point Venus’s atmosphere filled with very high amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases, which caused an extreme greenhouse effect, heating the planet’s surface to about 462° C (864° F). Planetary scientists think that Venus may have had surface water, possibly even a shallow ocean, billions of years ago. Venus and Mars are both at distances from the sun in which water could have been possible on the surface. This is why Earth can maintain a vast ocean of liquid water, which makes Earth a place where life can thrive. In other words, Earth’s orbit is within the sun’s Goldilocks Zone. Earth’s orbit is farther from the sun than Venus but closer than Mars. Based on the idea that liquid water on a planet’s surface makes life possible, the Goldilocks Zone of our solar system extends approximately from the orbit that Venus takes around the sun to the orbit that Mars takes around the sun.
Temperatures that allow for liquid water are considered “just right” because life as we know it requires water. This range is known as the Goldilocks Zone. In astrobiology, the Goldilocks Principle applies to the range of distances that a planet can be from its star and maintain surface temperatures that are just right for water to be liquid.
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